Explicit wait

ExplicitWait or WebdriverWait is defined as the maximum time to wait for a given condition before throwing an error.

It takes a total of four arguments.

  • Webdriver object : driver
  • Max wait time in seconds
  • Polling frequency time in seconds.This will search for a given webelement in a webpage for a given interval of time in seconds.
  • Exceptions which should ignored

After creating WebDriverWait, Now we need to call until() method which helps to wait until WebElement is present on the screen and perform the action on it.

Syntax : 


wait = WebDriverWait(driver,25,poll_frequency=1,ignored_exceptions=[ElementNotVisibleException,NoSuchElementException])


wait.until(expected_conditions.presence_of_element_located((AppiumBy.Locator_Type,"Locator_Value")))

If you declare ExplicitWait with a condition presence_of_element_located and the max wait time is 25 seconds , if MobileElement is visible less than 25 seconds then it will click or do the respective operation on that particular MobileElement. If an element is not found on the device it will wait for 25 seconds and throw an error.

Example: In the below example we are launching the app on an Android device and waiting for an element for max time of 25 seconds to perform action on it.

  • Launch the App on an Android device.
  • Create "WebDriver object"
  • Click on the button using text locator value and by using explicit wait
  • Wait for 2 seconds
  • Close the driver object

ExplicitwaitEx.py

from appium import  webdriver
from selenium.common.exceptions import ElementNotVisibleException, ElementNotSelectableException, NoSuchElementException
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from appium.webdriver.common.appiumby import AppiumBy

import time


# Step 1 : Create "Desired Capabilities"
desired_caps = {}
desired_caps['platformName'] = 'Android'
desired_caps['automationName'] = 'UiAutomator2'
desired_caps['platformVersion'] = '10'
desired_caps['deviceName'] = 'Pixel3XL'
desired_caps['app'] = ('/Skill2Lead/Appium_Demo_App/Android/Android_Appium_Demo.apk')
desired_caps['appPackage'] = 'com.skill2lead.appiumdemo'
desired_caps['appActivity'] = 'com.skill2lead.appiumdemo.MainActivity'

# Step 2 : Create "Driver object"
driver = webdriver.Remote("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub", desired_caps)

# Step 3 : Create "WebDriver object"
wait = WebDriverWait(driver,25,poll_frequency=1,ignored_exceptions=[ElementNotVisibleException,ElementNotSelectableException,NoSuchElementException])

# Step 4 : "Click on the button using Webdriver and text locator value"
ele = wait.until(lambda  x: x.find_element(AppiumBy.ANDROID_UIAUTOMATOR,'text("ENTER SOME VALUE")'))
ele.click()

# Step 5 : Wait for 2 seconds
time.sleep(4)

# Step 6 : Close the driver object
driver.quit()

Example 2: In this example we are using explicit wait along with other locator types such as id , class name , content-description etc.

  • Launch the App on an Android device.
  • Create "WebDriver object"
  • Click on the button using all types of locator values and by using explicit wait
  • Wait for 2 seconds
  • Close the driver object

ExplicitwaitEx.py

from appium import  webdriver
from selenium.common.exceptions import ElementNotVisibleException, ElementNotSelectableException, NoSuchElementException
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from appium.webdriver.common.appiumby import AppiumBy
import time


# Step 1 : Create "Desired Capabilities"
desired_caps = {}
desired_caps['platformName'] = 'Android'
desired_caps['automationName'] = 'UiAutomator2'
desired_caps['platformVersion'] = '10'
desired_caps['deviceName'] = 'Pixel3XL'
desired_caps['app'] = ('/Skill2Lead/Appium_Demo_App/Android/Android_Appium_Demo.apk')
desired_caps['appPackage'] = 'com.skill2lead.appiumdemo'
desired_caps['appActivity'] = 'com.skill2lead.appiumdemo.MainActivity'

# Step 2 : Create "Driver object"
driver = webdriver.Remote("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub", desired_caps)

# Step 3 : Create "WebDriver object"
# list of Selenium Exceptions
wait = WebDriverWait(driver,25,poll_frequency=1,ignored_exceptions=[ElementNotVisibleException,ElementNotSelectableException,NoSuchElementException])

#ele = wait.until(lambda  x: x.find_element(AppiumBy.ID,"com.skill2lead.appiumdemo:id/EnterValue"))
#ele.click()

#ele = wait.until(lambda  x: x.find_element(AppiumBy.CLASS_NAME,"android.widget.EditText")).send_keys("Code2Lead")
#ele = wait.until(lambda  x: x.find_element(AppiumBy.ANDROID_UIAUTOMATOR,'UiSelector().description("Btn3")'))
ele = wait.until(lambda  x: x.find_element(AppiumBy.ANDROID_UIAUTOMATOR,'text("ENTER SOME VALUE")'))
ele.click()

time.sleep(4)
driver.quit()
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